What type of immunity results from transfer of antibodies?

Understanding Passive Immunity: The Transfer of Antibodies
In the intricate world of immunology, the concept of passive immunity stands out as a crucial mechanism for providing immediate protection against infectious diseases. This type of immunity arises from the transfer of antibodies from one individual to another, rather than the individual’s own immune system generating these antibodies through exposure to pathogens.
What is Passive Immunity?
Passive immunity can be classified into two main categories: natural and artificial. Natural passive immunity occurs when antibodies are transferred from mother to child, either through the placenta during pregnancy or through breast milk after birth. This transfer is vital for newborns, as they are born with an immature immune system and rely on these maternal antibodies for immediate protection against infections.
On the other hand, artificial passive immunity involves the administration of antibodies from an external source, often through medical interventions. This can include treatments where antibodies are extracted from the blood of individuals who have recovered from a disease or from animals that have been immunized against a specific pathogen. Such interventions are particularly useful in situations where immediate immunity is required, such as after exposure to certain toxins or infectious agents.
Characteristics of Passive Immunity
One of the defining features of passive immunity is its immediacy. Unlike active immunity, which takes time to develop as the body responds to an antigen and produces its own antibodies, passive immunity provides instant protection. However, this protection is short-lived, typically lasting only a few weeks to months, as the transferred antibodies are eventually broken down and eliminated by the recipient’s body.
This transient nature of passive immunity underscores its role as a temporary safeguard rather than a long-term solution. For instance, while maternal antibodies can protect infants during their early months, they do not stimulate the infant’s immune system to produce its own antibodies, which is why vaccinations are crucial as the child grows.
Applications of Passive Immunity
The applications of passive immunity are significant in both clinical and public health settings. For example, in cases of exposure to rabies, immediate administration of rabies immune globulin can prevent the onset of the disease. Similarly, during outbreaks of certain viral infections, such as Ebola or COVID-19, convalescent plasma therapy—where antibodies from recovered patients are transfused to those currently infected—has been explored as a treatment option.
In summary, passive immunity, characterized by the transfer of antibodies from one individual to another, serves as a vital mechanism for immediate protection against infectious diseases. While it offers quick defense, its short duration highlights the importance of developing active immunity through vaccinations and natural exposure to pathogens over time.

What type of immunity results from transfer of antibodies from one individual to another individual by means of injection?

artificially acquired passive immunity
The immunity attained by an individual by the transfer of antibodies from an individual to a susceptible individual by means of injection is known as artificially acquired passive immunity. This type of immunity provides immediate immunization from viruses, bacteria, fungi, or parasites.

What is an example of an active immunity?

Active immunity is a disease resistance that results from the protection of proteins called antibodies. Active immunity examples include a person’s resistance to strep throat due to a previous infection or a person’s immunity to polio due to the polio vaccine.

What is active and passive immunity?

Two types of immunity exist — active and passive: Active immunity occurs when our own immune system is responsible for protecting us from a pathogen. Passive immunity occurs when we are protected from a pathogen by immunity gained from someone else.

What type of immunity occurs when a person receives antibodies from another source?

Passive immunity occurs when a person receives antibodies to a disease or toxin rather than making them through his or her own immune system.

What diseases are passive immunity?

FDA approved products for passive immunization and immunotherapy

Disease	Product	Source
Hepatitis A, measles	Pooled human Ig	human serum
ITP, Kawasaki disease, IgG deficiency	Pooled human IgG	human serum
Rabies	Rabies Ig	human
Tetanus	Tetanus Ig	human

What is the transfer of passive immunity?

The transfer of passive immunity (TPI) is defined as the absorption of the maternal immunoglobulin present in colostrum through the small intestine of the calf during the first 24 h after birth [1].

What is transfer factor immune?

Transfer factors are a group of proteins produced by cells of the immune system. Studies in humans are limited. Some suggest that transfer factors can be used to treat herpes, infections in children, chronic fatigue syndrome, and yeast infections.

What immunity occurs when antibodies come from?

Acquired immunity is immunity that develops with exposure to various antigens. Your immune system builds a defense against that specific antigen. Vaccines work by causing acquired immunity without needing to have the infection first. Passive immunity is due to antibodies that are produced in a body other than your own.

What type of immunity is transfer factor?

Transfer factors (TF) are low molecular weight dialysable products from immune cells which transmit the ability to express delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) and cell mediated immunity from sensitized donors to nonimmune recipients.

What type of immunity is an antibody transfer?

Passive immunity is provided when a person is given antibodies to a disease rather than producing them through his or her own immune system. A newborn baby acquires passive immunity from its mother through the placenta.