What is the difference between colostrum and mature breast milk?

Understanding Colostrum and Mature Breast Milk
The journey of breastfeeding begins with colostrum, a vital substance produced by mothers immediately after childbirth. This first milk is not just a precursor to mature breast milk; it is a uniquely formulated fluid that plays a crucial role in a newborn’s early development.
What is Colostrum?
Colostrum is often described as a thick, yellowish fluid that is rich in nutrients and antibodies. It is produced during the late stages of pregnancy and is typically available for the first few days after birth. This initial milk is highly concentrated, containing a higher proportion of proteins and antibodies compared to mature breast milk. These components are essential for building the baby’s immune system, providing protection against infections and diseases .
The composition of colostrum is specifically designed to meet the needs of newborns. It is low in fat, making it easy for infants to digest, and is packed with essential nutrients that kickstart their development. The presence of immunoglobulins, particularly IgA, is significant as it helps to coat the baby’s intestines, preventing harmful bacteria from entering the bloodstream.
Transition to Mature Breast Milk
After approximately three to four days postpartum, colostrum transitions into mature breast milk. This change is gradual and involves a shift in the milk’s composition. Mature breast milk is whiter in color and has a different nutritional balance, featuring a higher fat content and a more varied array of carbohydrates. This transition is crucial as it supports the growing infant’s increasing nutritional needs.
Mature breast milk is designed to provide sustained energy and nutrition. It contains a more balanced ratio of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins, which are essential for the ongoing growth and development of the baby. The volume of mature milk also increases significantly, allowing mothers to meet their baby’s hunger as they grow.
Key Differences Between Colostrum and Mature Milk
1. Nutritional Composition: Colostrum is richer in proteins and antibodies, while mature milk has a higher fat content and a more balanced carbohydrate profile .

2. Appearance: Colostrum is thicker and more yellowish, whereas mature milk is typically whiter and more fluid.
3. Volume: The quantity of mature milk produced is significantly greater than that of colostrum, accommodating the increasing appetite of the growing infant.
4. Digestive Support: Colostrum plays a critical role in preparing the newborn’s digestive system, while mature milk continues to support digestion but with a different nutrient profile.
In summary, while both colostrum and mature breast milk are essential for a newborn’s health, they serve distinct purposes during the early stages of life. Colostrum provides immediate immune protection and nutritional support, while mature milk sustains growth and development as the infant matures. Understanding these differences can help new parents appreciate the remarkable process of breastfeeding and the vital role it plays in their child’s early life.

Is it bad to collect colostrum too early?

Colostrum collectors are a syringe with a blunt end (no needle) that you can use to collect your colostrum. We recommend trying no sooner than 37 weeks of pregnancy as there is a small chance that trying before this time might stimulate pre-term labour, which can be dangerous for your baby.

Should I pump if I only have colostrum?

You will make only small amounts of colostrum (a rich “pre-milk”) until your milk fully comes in. Keep pumping and your supply will slowly increase. If your baby is exclusively breastfeeding and gaining weight as expected, there’s no need to pump right away.

How to tell the difference between colostrum and breast milk?

Colostrum is higher in protein, slightly lower in sugar and significantly lower in fat than mature breast milk, according to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP).

Do you burp a newborn after colostrum?

Most babies do not burp a lot when they are drinking colostrum the first few days, however, still burp them for a minute or two. If you don’t get one, no big deal. Start all feedings with a burping session. They usually will give you one and this also helps to arouse them and be more eager to latch.

Does leaking colostrum mean I will be able to breastfeed?

You may worry that something is wrong with your pregnancy or with your body. These are natural concerns, but leaking milk during pregnancy is very common. It’s a promising sign that your body is getting ready to produce breast milk for baby!

Can you mix colostrum from different pumping sessions?

According to experts, it is generally safe to mix breast milk from different pumping sessions, as long as the date and temperature of the milk are the same. This means that you can combine milk that you have pumped on the same day and store it in the same container.

Why shouldn’t you collect colostrum before birth?

Colostrum collectors are a syringe with a blunt end (no needle) that you can use to collect your colostrum. We recommend trying no sooner than 37 weeks of pregnancy as there is a small chance that trying before this time might stimulate pre-term labour, which can be dangerous for your baby.

How early can you squeeze colostrum?

Yes, it’s usually OK to squeeze out colostrum once you reach full-term pregnancy (37 weeks). Check with your healthcare provider if you wish to do this prior to your baby being born. If you want to hand express colostrum for your newborn, follow these steps: Cup your breasts with your hand in a “C” shape.

Is colostrum better than mature milk?

Colostrum is rich in minerals too, such as magnesium, which supports your baby’s heart and bones; and copper and zinc, which help develop his immune system. Zinc also aids brain development, and there’s nearly four times more zinc in colostrum than in mature milk10 to support your newborn’s rapidly developing brain.

When does colostrum turn into mature milk?

About 10-15 days after birth, you start making mature milk.