What hormones are released during breastfeeding?

The Hormonal Symphony of Breastfeeding
Breastfeeding is not just a nurturing act; it is a complex physiological process governed by a delicate interplay of hormones. Understanding these hormones provides insight into how they facilitate milk production and ejection, as well as their broader emotional and physical impacts on both mother and child.
Key Hormones Involved in Breastfeeding
The primary hormones that play crucial roles during breastfeeding are prolactin and oxytocin. Prolactin is essential for milk production. After childbirth, levels of estrogen and progesterone, which were high during pregnancy, drop significantly. This hormonal shift triggers an increase in prolactin, preparing the mother’s body to produce milk.
Oxytocin, often referred to as the “love hormone,” is equally vital. It is responsible for the milk ejection reflex, commonly known as the “let-down” reflex. When a baby suckles, sensory signals from the nipple travel to the brain, prompting the release of oxytocin. This hormone not only facilitates the release of milk but also fosters a sense of calm and bonding between mother and child . The emotional effects of oxytocin can lead to feelings of relaxation and attachment, enhancing the breastfeeding experience.
The Role of Other Hormones
While prolactin and oxytocin are the stars of the breastfeeding hormonal show, other hormones also play supporting roles. Estrogen and progesterone, although their levels decrease postpartum, still influence the overall lactation process indirectly. They help prepare the breast tissue for milk production during pregnancy and contribute to the structural changes in the breast .
Additionally, endorphins are released during breastfeeding, contributing to the mother’s feelings of well-being and pain relief. This hormonal cocktail not only supports the physical act of breastfeeding but also enhances the emotional connection between mother and baby.
The Emotional and Physical Impact
The hormonal changes associated with breastfeeding extend beyond mere milk production. The release of oxytocin during breastfeeding can lead to a profound sense of relaxation and emotional bonding, which is crucial for maternal mental health. This calming effect can help mothers feel more connected to their infants, fostering a nurturing environment.
Conversely, when breastfeeding decreases or stops, the levels of prolactin and oxytocin also decline, which can lead to feelings of emotional withdrawal or sadness, akin to a hormonal “comedown”. This highlights the importance of these hormones not just in physical health but also in emotional well-being.
Conclusion
In summary, breastfeeding is a beautifully orchestrated process driven by hormones that not only facilitate milk production and ejection but also enhance the emotional bond between mother and child. Prolactin and oxytocin are the primary players, supported by estrogen, progesterone, and endorphins, all contributing to a nurturing and fulfilling breastfeeding experience. Understanding these hormonal dynamics can empower mothers and caregivers, highlighting the profound biological and emotional significance of breastfeeding.

Is estrogen high or low during breastfeeding?

You can also find breastfeeding information and read stories from others on our website. Here is a look at the hormones involved in breastfeeding and how they may impact your sexual feelings and desires. Estrogen: All women have low levels of estrogen for the first couple of months after giving birth.

What hormone is released when you breastfeed?

A hormone called Prolactin secreted by the pituitary gland in the brain is responsible for the alveoli making milk. Prolactin rises when the baby suckles. There is another hormone called Oxytocin that causes tiny muscles around the alveoli to squeeze the milk via small tubes called milk ducts.

What are the signs of low estrogen?

Signs of low estrogen include:

• Dry skin.
• Tender breasts.
• Weak or brittle bones.
• Trouble concentrating.
• Moodiness and irritability.
• Vaginal dryness or atrophy.
• Hot flashes and night sweats.
• Irregular periods or no periods (amenorrhea).

Does breastfeeding weaken the pelvic floor?

Conclusion: Breastfeeding after vaginal childbirth was not associated with the development of stress urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, or anal incontinence 1 to 2 decades after the first vaginal delivery.

Does breastfeeding increase progesterone?

Sex hormones, especially estrogen and progesterone, play a critical role during pregnancy, supporting physical changes, growth and development, placental health, and more. These hormones are essential for healthy menstrual cycles and pregnancy but tend to stay low during breastfeeding.

What happens to a woman’s body when breastfeeding?

Breastfeeding produces the hormone oxytocin. Oxytocin helps your uterus contract after delivery. This helps it return to its normal size and reduces the amount of vaginal bleeding after delivery. Increasing physical and emotional bonding.

Can breastfeeding hormones cause weight gain?

Higher levels of prolactin, the hormone involved in milk production, may have links to increased appetite and food intake. Additionally, some people experience postpartum thyroiditis — which refers to an underactive thyroid — after giving birth, which may reduce calorie burn and may even lead to weight gain.

How long does it take for hormones to balance after breastfeeding?

The return to pre-pregnancy hormone levels can vary greatly, but generally hormones will normalize within three to six months. If you are breastfeeding, as you wean from it, your prolactin and oxytocin levels will drop—potentially leaving you feeling sad, anxious or irritable.

Why do you gain weight when you stop breastfeeding?

But, once you stop breastfeeding, your caloric needs quickly shift back to your baseline since you’re no longer burning those extra 500 or so calories per day, Lisa Moskovitz, C.D.N., R.D., CEO of NY Nutrition Group, tells SELF.

What are the hormonal effects of breastfeeding?

Oxytocin and prolactin
While breastfeeding, these hormones promoted feelings of contentment, peace, and intimacy. As these hormone levels drop, some individuals experience complex physical and emotional symptoms including moodiness, sadness, or insomnia.