Is diazepam excreted in breast milk?

The Excretion of Diazepam in Breast Milk
Diazepam, a commonly prescribed benzodiazepine, is indeed excreted into breast milk. Research indicates that both diazepam and its active metabolite, nordiazepam, can accumulate in the serum of breastfed infants, particularly with repeated doses. This accumulation is concerning due to the long half-lives of both substances, which means they can remain in the body for extended periods.
Implications for Breastfeeding Mothers
For mothers who are prescribed diazepam, the implications of its presence in breast milk are significant. While the amount transferred to breast milk is relatively small, the potential for accumulation in the infant’s system raises concerns. Regular use of diazepam during breastfeeding could lead to increased levels in the infant, potentially causing side effects such as sleepiness or other adverse reactions.
Timing breastfeeding in relation to medication doses has been suggested as a strategy to mitigate risks. However, due to the long half-lives of diazepam and nordiazepam, this approach may offer little benefit in reducing the infant’s exposure.
Safety Considerations
The general consensus among healthcare professionals is that while many medications are safe for breastfeeding mothers, diazepam presents a unique challenge. The small amounts that enter breast milk can still pose risks, especially with regular use. Therefore, healthcare providers often recommend caution and may suggest alternative treatments that are safer for breastfeeding mothers.
In conclusion, while diazepam is excreted in breast milk, the decision to use this medication during breastfeeding should be made with careful consideration of the potential risks to the infant. Mothers should consult with their healthcare providers to explore safer alternatives and to discuss the best course of action for their specific circumstances.

Can I breastfeed after taking diazepam?

If your doctor or health visitor says your baby is healthy, you can take diazepam while breastfeeding as long as you’re only taking a low dose occasionally or for a very short time. Diazepam passes into breast milk, usually in small amounts. If you take it for a long time or in high doses, it can build up in your milk.

How is diazepam excreted from the body?

Diazepam metabolite oxazepam is glucuronidated by UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes and excreted in the urine. UGT2B15 catalizes the glucuronidation of S-oxazepam [Articles:12386133, 15044558]; UGT2B7 and UGT1A9 catalyzes the glucuronidation of R-oxazepam [Article:12386133].

What is the safest benzodiazepine during pregnancy?

The available literature suggests that it is safe to take diazepam during pregnancy but not during lactation because it can cause lethargy, sedation, and weight loss in infants. The use of chlordiazepoxide during pregnancy and lactation seems to be safe.

What drugs don’t go into breast milk?

Table. Examples of drugs contraindicated in breastfeeding.

Drug	Comment
Iodine	High doses (>150 micrograms daily) lead to risk of infant hypothyroidism
Lithium	Breastfeeding only feasible with rigorous monitoring
Radiopharmaceuticals	Contact obstetric information service
Retinoids (oral)	Potential for serious adverse effects

Are benzodiazepines excreted in breast milk?

Yes. If you take benzodiazepines, your milk will have benzodiazepines in it. The amount that is in your milk depends on how much you take, which benzodiazepines you take and the amount of time that has passed since taking it.

What is the half-life of diazepam in breast milk?

Diazepam has a long half-life of 43 hours (with terminal metabolite being present for 2 to 5 days) and accumulation is possible with repeated doses. The plasma elimination is further extended in neonates due to poor hepatic function.

Is diazepam safe in pregnancy?

Diazepam Pregnancy Warnings
This drug should not be used during pregnancy unless the benefit outweighs the risk to the fetus. US FDA pregnancy category: Not assigned. Risk Summary: An increase in congenital malformations has been suggested with minor tranquilizer use, especially during the first trimester.

What drugs are excreted in breast milk?

• analgesics and antipyretics: short courses of paracetamol, acetylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen;
• antibiotics: ampicillin, amoxicillin, cloxacillin and other penicillins, erythromycin.
• bronchodilators (e.g. salbutamol), corticosteroids, antihistamines, antacids.

What is the route of excretion of diazepam?

Diazepam and its metabolites are excreted mainly in the urine, predominantly as their glucuronide conjugates 15,16,6.

Which is not excreted in breast milk?

Insulin is not excreted into breast milk and is considered safe for use during breast-feeding.